Includes bibliographical references and index

Cover; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 A brief historical perspective; 1.2 What is meant by location or positioning?; 1.3 Describing a position; 1.4 Location as a context for applications; 1.5 Techniques for determining the position of an object; 1.5.1 Observations of the natural world; 1.5.2 Celestial observations; 1.5.3 Using radio signals; 1.5.4 Inertial techniques; 1.5.5 Contextual; 2 Coordinate systems; 2.1 Latitude and longitude; 2.1.1 A simple definition; 2.1.2 But it's not as simple as this; 2.1.3 Systems of latitude and longitude; 2.1.4 The global TRF; 2.1.5 TRFs for regional use

2.1.6 So what about height?2.2 Cartesian coordinate systems; 2.2.1 Cartesian coordinates for global positioning; 2.2.2 Transverse Mercator map projections; 2.2.3 Arbitrary Cartesian coordinate systems; 2.3 Inertial coordinate frame; 2.4 Describing direction and orientation; 2.4.1 Simple direction on a plane surface (e.g. map); 2.4.2 Direction in three dimensions; 2.4.3 Describing orientation: Euler angles; 2.4.4 Direction cosines; 2.4.5 Quarternions; 3 Satellite positioning (GNSS); 3.1 Introduction to satellite positioning; 3.2 Brief description of how GPS works; 3.2.1 Simple overview

3.2.2 Satellite infrastructure and architecture3.2.3 GPS signals; 3.2.4 Receiver operation; 3.2.5 Navigation message, almanac and ephemeris; 3.2.5.1 General structure; 3.2.5.2 The TLM (telemetry word); 3.2.5.3 HOW (handover word); 3.2.5.4 Week number and TOW (time of week); 3.2.5.5 Subframe 1: clock correction data; 3.2.5.6 Subframes 2 and 3: ephemeris; 3.2.5.7 Subframe 4: almanac and special messages; 3.2.5.8 Subframe 5: almanac; 3.2.6 Location computation; 3.2.6.1 Satellite positions; 3.2.6.2 Calculating receiver position; 3.2.6.3 Calculating receiver velocity

3.2.7 Time management and clocks3.3 High precision GPS systems; 3.3.1 Differential GPS; 3.3.2 Carrier phase tracking; 3.3.3 RTK GPS; 3.4 Assisted GPS; 3.4.1 Introduction; 3.4.2 Satellite information to assist acquisition and TTFF; 3.4.3 Using cellular network signals to improve TTFF; 3.5 Brief descriptions of other GNSSs; 3.5.1 GLONASS; 3.5.2 Galileo; 3.5.3 Compass; 3.5.4 Regional satellite navigation systems; 3.5.5 Summary of GNSS spectrum allocations; 4 Radiolocation technologies; 4.1 Angle of arrival; 4.1.1 Principle of angle of arrival; 4.1.2 Measuring the angle of arrival

4.1.3 Advanced techniques for AOA4.2 Received signal strength (RSSI) to determine distance; 4.3 Time-of-flight range measurement; 4.4 Time of arrival; 4.5 Time difference of arrival; 4.5.1 Basic TDOA system; 4.5.2 Synchronising fixed devices; 4.5.3 Alternative approach for solving the equations; 4.6 Measuring signal arrival time; 4.6.1 Cross-correlation of broadband signal; 4.6.2 Channel models; 4.6.3 Other advanced techniques; 4.6.4 Phase measurements; 4.7 Positioning using cellular mobile networks; 4.7.1 Background to mobile cellular positioning; 4.7.2 Satellite positioning

Uses real-world examples to show how to optimise the performance of locating and positioning systems