Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder which occurs due to deficiency of insulin
leading to hyperglycemia with serious complications. So controlling blood glucose
level is essential however synthetic drugs lead to serious adverse effect especially
during pregnancy. So it has become our interest to find natural plant sources with
similar antidiabetic activity but with lower side effect compared to synthetic drugs.
Many plants belong to family Lythraceae have been previously reported for their
antidiabetic activity due to their high phenolic content which have been reported to
have antioxidant activity and the onset of diabetes is related to the increased oxidative
stress. In view of this fact, a lot of Lythraceous plants have become our interest to
estimate its in vitro antidiabetic activity and trying to find about the plant extract with
the highest activity in order to investigate its in vivo antihyperglycemic effect.
Ammannia aegyptiaca Willd. showed the highest pancreatic lipase, α- amylase and
β-glucosidase inhibitory effect. In addition, it showed the highest free radical
scavenging activity on (DPPH) and (ORAC) assay with the highest total phenolic and
flavonoid contents. Experimenting on animals has been one of the effective strategies
to develop new drugs, thus the in vivo antihyperglycemic effect was evaluated for the
EtOH extract of this plant in STZ/HFD-induced diabetic male albino Wistar rats.
Where, EtOH extract showed significant antihyperglycemic effect and its metabolic
profiling was studied using LC-MS.